Chris Ogunmodede, based in Lagos, is an independent analyst of African politics, security, and international affairs with a focus on West Africa, pan-African affairs, multipolarity, global governance, and multilateralism. Ogunmodede is the author of Penkelemesi, a newsletter about African political economy, international affairs, and culture. He is a member of the African Research Network on Regional and Global Governance Innovation, a pan-African community of scholars, policymakers, and practitioners.